What it means to be COPN
COPN stands for Collective, Order, Progressive, National. You lean towards state-led development and public ownership of key industries. You also favour reform of old social structures.
Your focus is your own country's strength and independence. You may think a country must build its own industry and schools before it can compete fairly. Common people, not elites, are the people you want to serve.
Views you probably hold
- The state should lead in building industry, roads, schools and health care.
- Strategic industries should stay in public hands or under national control.
- A country should protect its own workers and producers first.
- Old privileges and outdated customs should give way to modern reform.
- Public order and discipline are needed to get big projects done.
What admirers see
- Admirers say it gets big things built, such as schools, railways and power grids.
- It places the interests of ordinary citizens above those of elites.
- It gives developing countries a path to stand on their own feet.
What critics say
- Critics say state-led projects can waste money and breed corruption.
- Opponents argue that tight central control can crowd out freedom and debate.
- Critics say protecting national industry can leave consumers paying more.
In history
This shape includes developmentalism, Kemalism, left populism and the revolutionary tradition of Jacobinism. Communist and Leninist movements land here too. Several of these ran one-party or authoritarian states, and the shape covers those regimes as well as democratic left populist movements. Many arose in countries trying to catch up with richer powers.